Fortinet Fortigate Firewall - SSL Inspection - Certificate Inspection and Deep (Full) Inspection
Solution:
1. Go to %AppData%\bxview under normal user right account, rename the folder "bxview".
2. Change normal user right account from "Users" group to "Administrators" group. Reboot the machine.
3. Logout the normal user right account, login again and open the oCam app.
4. It should able to open the app.
5. Change the normal user right account from "Administrators" group back to "Users". Reboot the machine.
6. Open the oCam app again. It should back to normal.
oCam suddenly required administrator right to open under normal user right account
Unable to establish secure connection to Zoom
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> Set-NetFirewallProfile -All -LogBlocked True -LogMaxSizeKilobytes 20480
Enable Windows Firewall logging for drop connection and enable audit log for RDP failed
1. Download the Microsoft Security Compliance Toolkit 1.0
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=55319
2. Copy the LGPO.exe to the folder under script
Get-ChildItem -Path "C:\Source\Windows-10-v22H2-Security-Baseline" -Recurse | Unblock-File PowerShell.exe -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -File .\Baseline-LocalInstall.ps1 -Win10NonDom
3. Reboot the machine
Reference:
Windows 10 hardening by Microsoft Security Baseline
Reference:
Windows 10 hardening by HardeningKitty - CIS Benchmarks
| 中國標準 (GB/T) | 對應國際/美國標準 | 加固範圍 |
| GB/T 22239 (等保 2.0) | NIST SP 800-53 | 系統、網絡、雲、IoT 等全維度加固 |
| GB/T 18336 (CC) | ISO 15408 / Common Criteria | 產品安全性設計認證 |
| GB/T 35273 (隱私規範) | GDPR / NIST Privacy Framework | 個人敏感數據保護與加密 |
自動化工具與指令碼 - 加固與稽核
| 標準名稱 | 適用對象 | 優點 | 缺點 |
| Microsoft Baseline | 一般企業 | 最佳的應用程式相容性,與 Windows 更新同步,易於部署。 | 安全性相對較寬鬆,僅涵蓋微軟產品。 |
| CIS Benchmarks | 金融、醫療、合規企業 | 業界公認中立且細緻,提供 L1/L2 分層,平衡安全與營運。 | 規則較多,可能需要針對特定業務軟體進行排除設定。 |
| DISA STIG | 政府、軍方、國防承包商 | 極致的安全性,針對國家級攻擊設計,強制執行高強度稽核。 | 設定極其繁雜,極易造成系統功能失效或應用程式崩潰。 |
| NIST SP 800-53 | 美國聯邦機構、FedRAMP | 全球最權威的安全性控制框架,邏輯嚴密,適合大型合規架構。 | 主要是「準則」而非「設定值」,需轉譯為具體指令。 |
| PCI DSS | 支付卡產業、電商、零售 | 專為保護持卡人數據設計,對防火牆與數據加密有明確要求。 | 範疇較窄(僅限支付環境),每年需進行嚴格的合規審查。 |
| HIPAA | 醫療保健、健康保險業 | 核心在於保護受保護健康資訊 (PHI) 的隱私與完整性。 | 規範較為籠統(如「合理防護」),需要配合技術標準實施。 |
| USGCB | 美國政府低風險設備 | 曾是聯邦桌面設備的統一基準,由 NIST、DISA 及微軟協作。 | 已逐漸被 DISA STIG 取代,部分較新版本系統已停止更新。 |
Security Hardening Standard - 安全性加固標準對比摘要
Microsoft Defender Hardening for Windows 11
7z.exe x "D:\source_zip_file.7z.001" -o"D:\Temp\" -w"D:\temp\TempWorkingfolder"
7-zip redirect temp working folder per job by using command prompt
1. echo -n | openssl s_client -showcerts -connect registry.example.com:port 2>/dev/null | sed -ne '/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE-/,/-END CERTIFICATE-/p' > xxca.crt
Replace the "registry.example.com:port" to your SSL VPN gateway URL and port.
2. Go to the file "xxca.crt", use a editor like "notepadqq" to open the file
3. Copy all the text in the xxca.crt
4. sudo vi /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/xxca.crt
5. Paste all text into this file and :wq (To save those text)
6. sudo update-ca-certificates
7. Reboot your machine
8. Then you can use the Forticlient to connect your VPN gateway.
Reference:
https://blog.keepchen.com/a/configure-forticlient-vpn-on-deepin-25.html
Install Fortinet Forticlient VPN on Deepin 23.1 (For SSL cert is self-signed cert)